01/01/2016 00:00:00
Journal Article
Disaster ManagementTsunami
AcademicEpidemiology
Arune Keraite, Athula Sumathipala, Chesmal Siriwardhana, Craig Morgan & Ulrich Reininghaus
Schizophrenia Research, Volume 171, Issues 1 – 3, Pages 79 – 85
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2016.01.026
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2016.01.026
http://ird.lk/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Exposure-to-conflict-and-disaster-A-national-survey-on-the-prevalence-of-psychotic-experiences-in-Sri-Lanka.pdf
Recent research conducted in high-income countries suggests psychotic experiences are common in the general population, but evidence from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) remains limited. Sri Lanka is a LMIC affected by three decades of civil conflict and, in 2004, a devastating tsunami. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of psychotic experiences in a general population sample in Sri Lanka and associations with conflict- and tsunami-related trauma. This is a first National Mental Health Survey conducted in Sri Lanka. A cross-sectional, multi-stage, cluster sampling design was used to estimate the prevalence of psychotic symptoms. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, conflict- and tsunami-related trauma, and psychotic experiences were collected using culturally validated measures in a sample of 5927 participants. The weighted prevalence of psychotic symptoms was 9.7%. Exposure to one or more conflict-related events (adj. OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.40–2.31, p < 0.001) and loss or injury of a family member or friend through conflict (adj. OR, 1.83, 95% CI 1.42–2.37, p < 0.001) were associated with increased odds of reporting psychotic experiences. Psychotic experiences were more common in individuals directly exposed to tsunami disaster (adj. OR, 1.68, 95% CI 1.04–2.73, P = 0.035) and in those who had a family member who died or was injured as result of tsunami (adj. OR, 1.42, 95% CI 1.04–1.94, p = 0.029). Our findings suggest that psychotic experiences are common in the Sri Lankan population. Exposure to traumatic events in armed conflicts and natural disasters may be important socio-environmental factors in the development of psychotic experiences.